United Nations Role in Peace and Security

As we all experience the UNO is an foreign organization of almost 192 member countries of the initiation and was founded rather replaced by the League of Nations some 63 years back in October 24,1945 in San Francisco, California, shortly after World War -II. No doubt the tragedy, bloodshed, massacre, hurt and nuclear atrocities by the USA gave alarming feelings to the nations to freeing the demesne from the mishap of wars in future. However, its successes and failures in achieving this objective are still debatable. The UNO as give tongue to above is a renewed precursor body of the League of Nations.So before reviewing the UNOs functions, it will be worthwhile to look into the narration of the League as the new generation is not much witting of its role. LEAGUE OF NATIONS The League was founded after the devastation, slaughter, disaster and atrocities of the macrocosm war-I. It was also an international organization put up in accordance with the Treaty of Versailles in 1919-20 with only 58 members. Its major goal consisted of disarmament, prevention of war and remission disputes amid the countries. The harbinger of setting up this organization was the fall in States professorship Mr.Woodrow Wilson. scarce surprisingly the Senate of his throw country refused to be summon its member which was, no doubt, a serious blow to the prestige of the League. However, other great powers the analogous the United Kingdom and France remained its members. It was to fulfil the dream of fundamental shift in the thought from the preceding centuries. Unlike the UNO,the League did not have its own armed forces and was dependent on the great powers to carry out its resolutions and peace-making struggles. It could not enforce its three sanctions as envisaged under its covenant.Therefore after,no doubt, a a couple of(prenominal) leading light successes, the following failures answered in its replacement by the United Nations- 1. In 1931 lacquer invaded Manchur ia just no effective sanction was imposed on the aggressor. 2. In 1935,Italy attacked Abyssinia but n peerless of the great powers took any(prenominal) notice of it. . 3. Germany was not allowed to give way the League in 1919 as it had started the war. 4. Russia was also denied its membership in 1917 world a communist g everyplacenment to pose fear in westward Europe. Eventually these three most powerful countries could not play their supreme role in supporting the league.This sort of plight has been stated by Mussolini in a sarcaustic manner as under The League is very well when sparrows shout, but no good at all when eagles flow out So the League after the end of the original world war was replaced by the UNO in 1945 having remained in existence from 1919 to 1945. THE fall in NATIONS makeup After the closure of the League of Nations, the UNO was established on 24th October,1945 but its first global Assembly comprising 51 member countries was held on tenth January,1946 in London.One can well assess that the brunts and tragedies of both the world wars gave a fillip to the persuasion of revamping the body of the League to play more than effective role anew to restore peace and harmony amongst the states. This idea was elaborated in the Declarations signed during war time conferences held in capital of the Russian Federation and Tehran in 1943. Mr. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the President of the USA proposed its name as UNITED NATIONS. Its make was drafted by the governments as well as non-government organizations like lion Club International.To start with 51 nations signed the charter of the United Nations. The charter was later ratified by five permanent members of the Security Council viz USA, UK, France and China, followed by a majority of the other 40 signatories. As a result of the unanimous votes by the U. S. Senate and the House of Representatives, the UNOs Headquarter were made in the United States. Accordingly U. N. Headquarters building was constructed in New York city in 1949 and 1950 beside the East River on the land purchased by an 8. million dollars donation from lavatory D. Rockefeller. The land is now considered international territory but apart from some diplomatic privileges and immunities, the laws of the New York city,New York state and the U. S. in general do apply. The UNO is back up by some other organizations like the Security Council, UNICEF, WHO, UNESCO and a few more to resolve conflicts and to maintain peace in the world as well as to eliminate illiteracy, poverty, hunger and to enhance respect for clement rights. PAKISTANS ROLE IN THE UNO.Pakistan is proud to play its role in the peace-keeping missions of the United Nations. Pakistan became its member on 30th September,1947 i. e. just after one months creation of it on the world map as a new country. Since 1960, Pakistan is enthusiastically performing its responsibility in the U. N. peace-keeping missions with over ten thousand troops and observe rs. Currently Pakistans involvement in restoring peace in Somalia, Sierra Leon, Bosnia, Congo, Liberia and East Temore have been commended not by the UNO but the world at large.No other country including any muslim state has been that active to contribute this sort of role in the United Nations. This speaks of the valour and vividity of our armed forces on the spherical impact. Conclusion The first decade of the 21st century is going to complete with both apply and distress co-existing side by side. Peace and development and concept of majority rule and equality are still missing in many part of the world despite our trumpeted slogan of world getting into a global village.No doubt the globalization has drawn countries closer and closer with telephone extension to their economic relationship, advanced means of communications and regional cooperation etc. But these developments are posing some alarming questions to the general public like local wars, revolutions and conflicts comi ng up from time to time. The Iraq war and situation between Israel and Palestine witnessing tragedies every day. Similarly wars in Africa entangled with poverty and diseases are still continuing.As a matter of fact after the move of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan on 6th and eighth August,1945, the possession of nuclear device by some countries created a mother wit of self-protection and safety. In this way the dream of peace and harmony in the world does not seem to be converted into the reality in the near future. But we are not that pessimist because the UNO is undoubtedly a microcosm of the world and despite so many reservations politically, its role in promoting disarmament for a safer future to the posterity cannot be denied.In the global concept its greatness and necessity is gaining momentum day by day. It is now the most acclaimed commonplace representative and authoritative organization with 192 member countries in its present set up and we do hope that it will progress more in the time to come. Those countries who have not become its members so far, should also come forward to strengthen the UNO in general and the present Secretary General Mr. Ban Ki-moon In particular.